Defeated in the Civil War, Charles I was tried for treason in Westminster Hall in January 1649. This picture shows him in the last month of his life, wearing black, the Garter Star on his cloak and an onyx and diamond jewel on the blue garter ribbon round his neck. Inside the jewel was a miniature of Queen Henrietta Maria, his wife. Charles refused to recognise the authority of the court, but he was found guilty and executed at Whitehall on 30 January.