Jenny Holzer

Force at End of Phase III (If Required) violet

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About this artwork

Jenny Holzer’s works have a strong political emphasis, questioning how information is both controlled and received in the public domain. First exhibited at the Venice Biennale in 2007, ‘Force at End of Phase III (If Required) violet’ is one of a series of screenprints that reveal sensitive government transcripts relating to America’s intervention in the Middle East. Here Holzer uses a document from the US National Security Archive, enlarging a military map and setting it on a grey background. In this diagrammatic print we are reminded of the military power of the allied forces, with the listings of weaponry, personnel and armoured vehicles almost completely covering the image of a divided and threatened Iraq.

Updated before 2020

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  • artist:
    Jenny Holzer (born 1950) American
  • title:
    Force at End of Phase III (If Required) violet
  • date created:
    2007
  • materials:
    Oil paint on canvas
  • measurements:
    201.10 x 260.00 x 4.00 cm
  • object type:
  • credit line:
    ARTIST ROOMS Presented by the artist jointly to National Galleries of Scotland and Tate and acquired with assistance of the ARTIST ROOMS Fund, supported by the Henry Moore Foundation 2011
  • accession number:
    AR01134
  • gallery:
This artwork is part of Artist Rooms
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Jenny Holzer

Jenny Holzer