34 artists
- William Raddon (1)
- Sir Henry Raeburn (23)
- Allan Ramsay (26)
- Dennis Ramsay (1)
- James Ramsay (1)
- Anne Redpath (7)
- Alexander Reid (1)
- Charles Reid (1)
- George Ogilvy Reid (1)
- Sir George Reid (8)
- Michael Reisch (1)
- Sir Joshua Reynolds (7)
- John Stevenson Rhind (1)
- Carol Rhodes (3)
- Sir William Blake Richmond (1)
- John Riley (2)
- David Roberts (8)
- Andrew Robertson (1)
- Edward Robertson (1)
- Eric Harald Macbeth Robertson (2)
- Alexander Ignatius Roche (2)
- Joe Rock (1)
- Thomas Rodger (1)
- John Roettier (1)
- Milton Rogovin (20)
- George Romney (2)
- Theodora Roscoe (1)
- Ross and Thomson (2)
- James Ross (1)
- Sir William Charles Ross (1)
- Sir William Rothenstein (2)
- Alexander Runciman (5)
- John Runciman (2)
- James Russell (2)
