National Galleries of Scotland

Modernism

A general term used to describe the various movements in art from the late 19th century to the 1960s, encompassing a broad range of styles.

Slade School of Fine Art

Part of University College, London, this art college was founded in 1871 with funds from the art collector Felix Slade. Notable students include Augustus and Gwen John, Percy Wyndham Lewis, Stanley Spencer and Ben Nicholson.

Surrealism

A literary and artistic movement founded by the poet André Breton in 1924. Many of the associated artists, such as Max Ernst and Jean Arp, had previously been involved with Dadaism. The movement sought to challenge conventions through the exploration of the subconscious mind, invoking the power of dreams and elements of chance. Cultural hierarchies were challenged by the combination of diverse elements in collages and sculptural assemblages. The movement is also notable for the collaborations between artists and writers evident in the Surrealists' many publications.

Unit One

A short-lived group of influential British artists and architects ? including Barbara Hepworth, Henry Moore and Paul Nash - formed in 1933. There was no unifying style or agenda, rather a common forward-looking attitude.